Providing context and analyzing possible results for this fifth Hamas-Israeli military clash are Professor Yaron Ayalon, head of the Jewish studies program at the College of Charleston; Professor Jonathan Rynhold, head of the political studies department at Bar-Ilan University; and Ken Stein, Emory professor emeritus of Middle Eastern history and political science and president of the Center for Israel Education. In 52 minutes they provide analyses for Hamas’ goal of destroying Israel, Israel’s pending responses to the mass killings, and Iran’s influence on Hamas. They evaluate America’s response and the vast political gulf expanded between Israelis and the Palestinians, preventing any political accommodation between them well into the future. Their discussion provides a good foundation for learners with limited knowledge of Hamas, Gaza and/or the broader conflict and can be viewed in whole or in pieces focusing on particular areas, such as the American response.